Neanderthal Man by Elton John is a lyrical exploration of humanity's primal instincts and the evolution of human nature. The song delves into the contrast between primitive behaviors and modern civilized life, highlighting the tension between our inherent desires and societal expectations. Themes of raw emotion, survival instincts, and the struggle to reconcile our past with our present are central to the narrative. Particularly poignant moments in the song may include reflections on vulnerability, the simplicity of early human existence, and the constant inner battle between aggression and compassion.